GEN-MEDIEVAL-L Archives

From: Marge & Carl Hommel <>
Subject: Re: Norse settlers Norfolk prior to Conquest..Berney family etc.
Date: Fri, 1 Dec 1995 20:35:22 -0500

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I also suspect Norse or Viking ancestry for the Olmsted family. (I have =
seen it disputed, so it is only my opinion.) There was an article in a =
Olmsted Family newsletter, which I am attaching to this note. My =
comments are at the end.

Attachment:

The following article was copied from the Eighth Reunion of the Olmsted =
Family Association, in Chicago, September 24-26, 1926. The paper was =
presented by Park Lincoln Olmsted, the President- Elect of the =
Association.

The article is mistitled, and misses the obvious conclusion. See my =
comments at the end.

THE SPELLING OF THE FAMILY NAME

While the writer of this was gathering the material for his paper on =
OLMSTED HALL, he was struck by the number of small towns and villages =
that have names ending in "-sted" and "stead", and also by the fact that =
almost all these places were in eastern England, chiefly in Essex, some =
thirty to forty miles inland from the North Sea and that they extended =
in a broad line or band from northern Essex in a southern direction =
nearly to the Channel.
=20
Then, as the conviction began to grow on him that the name and Family =
were probably of Norse or of closely-related Angle (from Schleswlg) =
origin, he turned the pages of the Century Atlas to Denmark, and was =
surprised to find that in the western-part of Denmark there were easily =
found at least fifteen names of villages and districts that were =
strikingly similar in form and manner of spelling to our own name; while =
in southern Sweden there is the considerable town of Halmstad, nearly =
opposite Copenhagen.
=20
Here are the names of the towns and villages in England, grouped by =
counties and according to the spelling of the last syllable. Please =
remember when looking at some of them, that the English letter "x" is a =
double consonant, and is equivalent to "cs" or "gs". For example, =
Broxted is equivalent to Broc-sted, wherein you recover what seems at =
first a missing "s"..=20
=20
In Essex are:
Broxted, Braxted, Thaxed, Fairsted, Felsted, Halsted, Standsted,
Hempstead, Burstead, Greenstead, Harkstead, Bumstead
=20
In Suffolk are:
Boxted, Linsted,
Belstead, Saxstead, Stanstead, Hawstead, Whepstead
=20
In Hertfordshire are:
Wheathamstead, Berhamstead
=20
In Kent are:
Nettlested.
Elmstead, Halstead, Brastead, Stanstead, Bustead.
=20
In Herts are:
Tisted, Medsted.
In Sussex are:
Elsterd
=20
In Surrey are:
Chipsted.
Ashstead, Oxtead
=20
The Century Atlas is followed for these names and the following, except =
for Essex, for which the writer has a copy of the Ordinance Survey, the =
official map of Great Britain.=20
=20
It will be noted that Stansted is spelt both ways, and that within ten =
miles of each other. It will also be noted that the first syllable of =
many of the names that end in "-steAd" has a familiar English meaning: =
Hemp, Bel, Ash, Elm, Haw, Wheat, etc. On the other hand, those that have =
"sted" for an ending have first syllables that convey no familiar item =
whatsoever. This fact points to the probability that these names are of =
foreign origin, which, in this case, means Norse or Scandinavian. Also, =
that the "sted" are the older names, and have retained their early =
spelling: while the longer form "stead " is part of a name that has been =
formed later in England, with the usual indifference of the English to =
the use of the silent and superfluous letters.
=20
Such familiar words as holmsted, farmsted, and bedstead are frankly =
given as coming directly from the Danish, in which the spelling of the =
last syllable is never anything but "sted". This spelling "sted" is used =
to give the correct pronunciation of these words; and is the one placed =
in the dictionaries next to the erratic" stead", and is urged as the =
preferable form, The spelling "sted" has won the support of every effort =
to retain the spelling of English and place it on a more reasonable =
basis.
=20
Strong support for this argument in favor of the Danish origin and =
spelling of our name is to be found in the following list of places =
found mostly in the western part of Denmark:
=20
Holsted, Ulsted, Oldsted, Hadsted, Orsted, Ovsted, Vedsted, Nysted, =
Grindsted, Briersted, Graisted, Gjedsted, Fjelsted, Tisted, and Thisted.
=20
There is a remarkable similarity to the Olmsted name in both the =
formulation of these Danish names and in their rhythm.
=20
The Angles, coming from Schleswig-Holsteln, gave their name to England. =
In their homeland were two places with the names Ohrstedt and =
Barmstedt. Neither of these seems suggestive or convincing. But in =
Sweden, the writer stumbled on the city of Halmsted, which may be the =
starting point of another story. At any rate, it is a name worth =
noting.
=20
There is no "in conclusion" to this story. The writer has set forth as =
much of it as he has yet found; and he hopes to add to it from time to =
time such material as he can discover, or get others to contribute.
=20
=20
COMMENTS ON THE ABOVE ARTICLE

There are three things to fault with it. First, the title does not =
correctly indicate the subject of the article. Second, in spite of Mr. =
Olmsted's remark that there is no conclusion, there is one. Third, he =
does not give it.

The conclusion is that the Olmste(a)ds were descended from the Vikings =
that ravaged England from the eighth to the eleventh century. The =
Vikings were driven off by the stronger Anglo Saxon Kings, such as =
Alfred the Great and his grandson, Egbert, and "bought" off by the =
weaker ones, such as thelred the Unready. In 878, the Vikings under =
Gurhrum, subdued by Alfred, submitted to baptism, and retired to the =
north of England, in what became known as the "Danelagh".

In 994 Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark, and Olaf I of Norway raided =
London. thylred paid the Vikings tribute or blackmail to stop fighting, =
accept Christianity, settle, raise crops and sheep, and bring over their =
families, or find local mates. That they did so is evident by our Name. =
Note that Olmsted Hall (in what is now known as East Anglia) is less =
than thirty miles as the crow (raven) flies from the Tower of London =
(which did not exist yet, except as the ruins of a Roman fort.)

He raised the blackmail by levying a tax known as "Danegeld" or Danish =
payment, which was used by later Kings as a means of raising revenue. =
When Canute of Denmark ruled England (1016-1035), the tax was levied for =
war purposes. The purpose of the Domesday Book was in fact to aid in =
this tax collection. It was repealed in the reign of Henry II =
(1154-1189).

In 1002, the English, infuriated by the tax, rose and massacred many =
Danes, including Sweyn's sister, Gunhilda. Sweyn retaliated by =
conquering the country, which he did by 1013, driving thylred into =
Normandy, and installing himself as king.=20

The Vikings settled exactly in the areas in England suggested by Mr. =
Olmsted. If he had looked further north, he would have found further =
similarities in names along Wattling Street to Chester, and then to =
York, and to the River Dee.

If one compares a map of New England with one of England, one see =
similarities in the names of many towns: Boston, Hartford, Windsor, =
Framingham (Framlingham), Sudbury, Worchester, Haverell, Arundel, =
Portsmith, and many more. Likewise the names of the first settlers are =
English: Olmste(a)d, Barnes, Haynes, Hooker, Hopkins, Hill. One =
concludes that the settlers of New England were from England. Likewise, =
the settlers in the towns mentioned by Mr. Olmsted came from Denmark. =
Considering when they come, they must have been Vikings.
=20
So a better choice of title would have been:=20

WERE THE OLMSTE(A)DS VIKINGS?

The following article was copied from the Eighth Reunion of the Olmsted =
Family Association, in Chicago, September 24-26, 1926. The paper was =
presented by Park Lincoln Olmsted, the President-Elect of the =
Association.

The article is mistitled, and misses the obvious conclusion. See my =
comments at the end.

THE SPELLING OF THE FAMILY NAME

While the writer of this was gathering the material for his paper on =
OLMSTED HALL, he was struck by the number of small towns and villages =
that have names ending in "-sted" and "stead", and also by the fact that =
almost all these places were in eastern England, chiefly in Essex, some =
thirty to forty miles inland from the North Sea and that they extended =
in a broad line or band from northern Essex in a southern direction =
nearly to the Channel.
=20
Then, as the conviction began to grow on him that the name and Family =
were probably of Norse or of closely-related Angle (from Schleswlg) =
origin, he turned the pages of the Century Atlas to Denmark, and was =
surprised to find that in the western-part of Denmark there were easily =
found at least fifteen names of villages and districts that were =
strikingly similar in form and manner of spelling to our own name; while =
in southern Sweden there is the considerable town of Halmstad, nearly =
opposite Copenhagen.
=20
Here are the names of the towns and villages in England, grouped by =
counties and according to the spelling of the last syllable. Please =
remember when looking at some of them, that the English letter "x" is a =
double consonant, and is equivalent to "cs" or "gs". For example, =
Broxted is equivalent to Broc-sted, wherein you recover what seems at =
first a missing "s"..=20
=20
In Essex are:
Broxted, Braxted, Thaxed, Fairsted, Felsted, Halsted, Standsted,
Hempstead, Burstead, Greenstead, Harkstead, Bumstead
=20
In Suffolk are:
Boxted, Linsted,
Belstead, Saxstead, Stanstead, Hawstead, Whepstead
=20
In Hertfordshire are:
Wheathamstead, Berhamstead
=20
In Kent are:
Nettlested.
Elmstead, Halstead, Brastead, Stanstead, Bustead.
=20
In Herts are:
Tisted, Medsted.
In Sussex are:
Elsterd
=20
In Surrey are:
Chipsted.
Ashstead, Oxtead
=20
The Century Atlas is followed for these names and the following, except =
for Essex, for which the writer has a copy of the Ordinance Survey, the =
official map of Great Britain.=20
=20
It will be noted that Stansted is spelt both ways, and that within ten =
miles of each other. It will also be noted that the first syllable of =
many of the names that end in "-steAd" has a familiar English meaning: =
Hemp, Bel, Ash, Elm, Haw, Wheat, etc. On the other hand, those that have =
"sted" for an ending have first syllables that convey no familiar item =
whatsoever. This fact points to the probability that these names are of =
foreign origin, which, in this case, means Norse or Scandinavian. Also, =
that the "sted" are the older names, and have retained their early =
spelling: while the longer form "stead " is part of a name that has been =
formed later in England, with the usual indifference of the English to =
the use of the silent and superfluous letters.
=20
Such familiar words as holmsted, farmsted, and bedstead are frankly =
given as coming directly from the Danish, in which the spelling of the =
last syllable is never anything but "sted". This spelling "sted" is used =
to give the correct pronunciation of these words; and is the one placed =
in the dictionaries next to the erratic" stead", and is urged as the =
preferable form, The spelling "sted" has won the support of every effort =
to retain the spelling of English and place it on a more reasonable =
basis.
=20
Strong support for this argument in favor of the Danish origin and =
spelling of our name is to be found in the following list of places =
found mostly in the western part of Denmark:
=20
Holsted, Ulsted, Oldsted, Hadsted, Orsted, Ovsted, Vedsted, Nysted, =
Grindsted, Briersted, Graisted, Gjedsted, Fjelsted, Tisted, and Thisted.
=20
There is a remarkable similarity to the Olmsted name in both the =
formulation of these Danish names and in their rhythm.
=20
The Angles, coming from Schleswig-Holsteln, gave their name to England. =
In their homeland were two places with the names Ohrstedt and =
Barmstedt. Neither of these seems suggestive or convincing. But in =
Sweden, the writer stumbled on the city of Halmsted, which may be the =
starting point of another story. At any rate, it is a name worth =
noting.
=20
There is no "in conclusion" to this story. The writer has set forth as =
much of it as he has yet found; and he hopes to add to it from time to =
time such material as he can discover, or get others to contribute.
=20
=20
COMMENTS ON THE ABOVE ARTICLE

There are three things to fault with it. First, the title does not =
correctly indicate the subject of the article. Second, in spite of Mr. =
Olmsted's remark that there is no conclusion, there is one. Third, he =
does not give it.

The conclusion is that the Olmste(a)ds were descended from the Vikings =
that ravaged England from the eighth to the eleventh century. The =
Vikings were driven off by the stronger Anglo Saxon Kings, such as =
Alfred the Great and his grandson, Egbert, and "bought" off by the =
weaker ones, such as thelred the Unready. In 878, the Vikings under =
Gurhrum, subdued by Alfred, submitted to baptism, and retired to the =
north of England, in what became known as the "Danelagh".

In 994 Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark, and Olaf I of Norway raided =
London. thylred paid the Vikings tribute or blackmail to stop fighting, =
accept Christianity, settle, raise crops and sheep, and bring over their =
families, or find local mates. That they did so is evident by our Name. =
Note that Olmsted Hall (in what is now known as East Anglia) is less =
than thirty miles as the crow (raven) flies from the Tower of London =
(which did not exist yet, except as the ruins of a Roman fort.)

He raised the blackmail by levying a tax known as "Danegeld" or Danish =
payment, which was used by later Kings as a means of raising revenue. =
When Canute of Denmark ruled England (1016-1035), the tax was levied for =
war purposes. The purpose of the Domesday Book was in fact to aid in =
this tax collection. It was repealed in the reign of Henry II (1154- =
1189).

In 1002, the English, infuriated by the tax, rose and massacred many =
Danes, including Sweyn's sister, Gunhilda. Sweyn retaliated by =
conquering the country, which he did by 1013, driving thylred into =
Normandy, and installing himself as king.=20

The Vikings settled exactly in the areas in England suggested by Mr. =
Olmsted. If he had looked further north, he would have found further =

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This thread:

• Re: Norse settlers Norfolk prior to Conquest..Berney family etc. by Marge & Carl Hommel <>